Wow. So many points.
Churchill himself said, in a broadcast just after Dunkirk, that it was not a victory. This suggests first, a realistic appraisal and honest communication on his part; and second, that he was aware some people were trying to make it sound like a victory. It was, nonetheless, a hugely succesful evacuation, something which is actually much harder to achieve than a victory! Credit is due not only to the British, but (something most Brits are unaware of and Americans who still link the French with surrender whenever they disagree with American policy would do well to know) to a French army which fought desperately to hold back the German advance.
Hitler did order the panzers to stop. His reasons for this have been much debated: it is quite possible that he still harboured hopes of Britain joining in an anti-Communist crusade, but equally likely that he was responding to Goering's request for the Luftwaffe to have the honour of finishing the British off.
I agree with the assessment of Montgomery - brilliant but flawed. Generals who are brilliant but not flawed are few indeed. As far as I can see the main problem with Market Garden was not in the original planning so much as in ignoring intelligence that German armour was massing in the drop area, out of unwillingness to abandon the operation from which so much was hoped.
As British, I should not be joining in the praise of Britishness (so British that I am!), but there is one story from the period I remember. The Soviet Foreign Minister Molotov was visiting the Germans in Berlin, the two countries at this point being uneasy semi-allies. Ribbentrop, his counterpart, is full of confidence and talk of complete victory. Molotov asks, "What about the British?" "Oh," says Ribbentrop airily, "the British are finished." Shortly after, air raid sirens sound. The meeting participants are ushered down into a bunker or cellar where they can still hear explosions and feel the building shaking. Ribbentrop is shaking, Molotov calm. He says casually to Ribbentrop, "You were saying...the British are finished..." |